Pentylene glycol is a synthetic, low molecular weight solvent and skin-conditioning agent. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a hydrating agent, solvent, and preservative. It has mild preservative properties and helps improve the texture of skincare formulas. It is safe to use in leave-on products. It is hydrophilic, meaning it binds well to water, which helps to moisturize the skin and give it a beautiful glow. Pentylene glycol is also known to be a skin sensitizer in some cases, and it may cause enhanced skin absorption and irritation.
Hydration: Pentylene glycol's ability to bind well with water makes it an effective hydrating ingredient. Conditioning: It helps to soften skin cells, making the skin look and feel smooth. Preservative Booster: It works synergistically with preservatives in cosmetics to boost their effectiveness and help keep products safer for longer.
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Pentylene glycol has been reported to be a skin sensitizer in some cases, and it may cause enhanced skin absorption and irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low).
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Pentylene glycol is synthetically derived.
Safe to use in leave-on products.
Limited
Pentylene glycol is part of the glycol ingredient family, which includes butylene glycol, glycerin, and ethylhexylglycerin. It is related to ethyl alcohol and has antimicrobial properties without being drying due to its high concentration of fatty acids that moisturize skin. Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol and Caprylyl Glycol are 1,2-glycol compounds that vary only by the number of carbons. Each of these compounds has a hydroxyl group (-OH) on the first and second carbons. Pentylene Glycol has 5 carbons, 1,2-Hexandiol has 6 carbons and Caprylyl Glycol has 8 carbons in the carbon chain. In cosmetics and personal care products, these ingredients may be used in baby products, bath products, eye makeup, cleansing products, skin care products and hair care products. The following functions have been reported for the 1,2-glycol ingredients: Hair conditioning agentIngredients that enhance the appearance and feel of hair, by increasing hair body, suppleness, or sheen, or by improving the texture of hair that has been damaged physically or by chemical treatment. Caprylyl Glycol PreservativeIngredients that prevent or retard bacterial growth, and thus protect cosmetic products from spoilage. Caprylyl Glycol, Pentylene Glycol Skin-conditioning agent emollient Caprylyl Glycol Skin-conditioning agent miscellaneous Pentylene Glycol SolventSubstances, usually liquids, that are used to dissolve other substances. Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol Scientific Facts Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol and Caprylyl Glycol are all soluble in water, with water solubility increasing with decreasing carbon chain length. Although Caprylyl Glycol and Pentylene Glycol have been reported to have some antimicrobial activity, these ingredients may also serve to increase the antimicrobial activity of other preservatives. Safety Information The safety of Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol and Caprylyl Glycol has been reviewed by the Cosmetic Ingredient ReviewThe Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) was established in 1976 as an independent safety review program for cosmetic ingredients. The CIR Expert Panel consists of independent experts in dermatology, toxicology, pharmacolgy and veterinary medicine. The CIR includes participation by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration and the Consumer Federation of America. (CIR) Expert Panel. The CIR Expert Panel reviewed the scientific data and concluded that these ingredients were safe as used in cosmetics and personal care products. CIR Safety Review: The CIR Expert Panel reviewed data indicating that Caprylyl Glycol and the smaller compounds were easily absorbed into the skin. Additional studies suggested that these compounds are metabolized in the skin before they reach the systemic circulation. Repeated dose studies with these compounds have not resulted in significant adverse effects or effects on reproduction or development. These compounds were not genotoxic. Products containing the 1,2-glycol ingredients did not cause dermal irritation or sensitization. Based on the data reviewed, the CIR Expert Panel concluded that Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol and Caprylyl Glycol are safe for use in cosmetic products. Pentylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol and Caprylyl Glycol may be used in cosmetics and personal care products marketed in Europe according to the general provisions of the Cosmetics Regulation of the European UnionUnder the general provisions of the cosmetics regulation of the EU, ingredients appearing on the following function-specific annexes must comply with the listed restrictions and/or specifications: colorants (Annex IV), preservatives (Annex V), UV filters (Annex VI) and other ingredients with specific concentration limits and/or other restrictions (Annex III). Ingredients specifically prohibited from use in cosmetic products are listed in Annex II. Other ingredients listed in the EU cosmetic ingredient database (CosIng) may be used without restrictions.
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