Sodium metabisulfite is an inorganic compound used as a disinfectant, antioxidant, preservative, bleaching agent, and stabilizer in medications and skincare products. It can induce an allergic reaction in humans who are sensitive to sulfites, including Type I reactions (anaphylaxis, urticaria, bronchospasm, and gastrointestinal symptoms) and type IV reactions such as allergic contact dermatitis.
{"Preservative": "Protects other ingredients in a formulation from oxidation, rancidity, color changes, viscosity changes, and deterioration of active ingredients.", "Hair care": "Used in combination with sodium sulfite and sodium sulfate in products used to straighten the hair and in permanent waves.", "Whitening": "Prevents discoloration of 4MSK in whitening formulas."}
All skin types except those that have an identified allergy to it.
Sodium metabisulfite can be an irritant to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. It has been linked to allergy and sensitivity in some skin types.
Sodium metabisulfite is used in low concentrations, posing little risk to your health. Asthmatics and people with allergies to aspirin are at an elevated risk for this type of reaction to sulfites.
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Sodium metabisulfite has low dermal penetration and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that sodium metabisulfite was safe for its indicated uses in cosmetics and skincare products.
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Sodium metabisulfite is also used as a food additive with the code E223. It is commonly used to stabilize wine or beer. It functions as a hair-waving/straightening agent. Sodium metabisulfite is used more frequently in whitening formulas, and low doses have strong antioxidant properties. Tests have shown that 4MSK has good thermal stability and poor light stability. Adding 0.2% pyrosulfinic acid can avoid the discoloration reaction of 4MSK. When 4MSK is compounded with whitening agents, in terms of thermal stability, when the mass fraction of sodium metabisulfite is 0.05%, the thermal discoloration reaction of 4MsK with 3-O-ethyl ascorbic acid, niacinamide and tranexamic acid can be avoided. Among them, the sodium metabisulfite required for the compounding of 4MSK and niacinamide is up to 0.01%.
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